Mechanized straw returning to the field

Corn machinery combined harvesting and straw returning technology are of great significance for improving soil physical and chemical properties, fertilizing soil fertility, and promoting continuous crop yield increase and income increase. It can be said that “the charm is unlimited”.

1. Improve soil fertility, improve soil aggregate structure and physical and chemical properties, and increase yield. According to the measurement, the wet corn stover has a nitrogen content of 0.61%, a phosphorus content of 0.27%, and a potassium content of 2.28%. According to estimates, 1250 kg of fresh corn stalks per mu per year is equivalent to an organic matter content of 4000 kg of soil-fertilizer, containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium equivalent to 18.75 kg of carbon ammonia, 10 kg of superphosphate and 7.65 kg of potassium sulphate. It can also add a variety of other elements. In addition, the straw is mineralized during the decomposition process, releasing nutrients, and at the same time humification, so that some organic compounds are condensed and dehydrated to form more complex humus, thereby improving soil structure and water retention, water absorption, adhesion, ventilation, moisturizing, etc. Traits and abilities improve the soil's ability to regulate water, fertilizer, temperature and gas, increase soil organic matter content, and tend to be reasonable in nutrients. According to experts, the organic matter can be increased by 0.025-15%, the soil bulk density is reduced by 0.057-0.167%, and the porosity is increased by 2%-6%. According to the demonstration site of Beisu Town, Zoucheng City, Shandong Province, the wheat and corn stalks were directly crushed and returned to the field for six consecutive years. The organic matter increased by 2.6 times, the available nitrogen increased by 3.7 times, and the available phosphorus and potassium also increased several times.

2. There are obvious social and economic benefits. Corn combined harvesting and straw returning have improved soil, increased organic matter content, eliminated pests and diseases, reduced the application rate of chemical fertilizers, reduced production costs, and enhanced the stamina of agricultural production development. Compared with the manual operation, the production efficiency is increased by 60-120 times, and it strives for the agricultural time, reduces the process, saves labor, reduces the labor intensity, and prevents serious accidents such as serious air pollution caused by burning straw and fire caused by stacking. The technology has obvious effect on increasing production. For example, Jinzhuang Town, Lishui County, Shandong Province, has been continuously returning straw for three years, and the yield per mu has increased by more than 60 kg, and corn has increased by more than 100 kg.

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