How to distinguish between true and false fertilizers

First, look at 1. The fertilizer produced by regular manufacturers, its packaging specifications, strong, with production licenses, implementation standards, registration licenses, trademarks, product names, nutrient content (grade), net weight, plant name, site, etc.; The packaging of counterfeit and inferior fertilizers is generally rough, the information on the packaging bags is unclear, the quality is poor, and it is easy to break. 2. Nitrogen fertilizer (except lime nitrogen) and potassium fertilizer are mostly crystalline. Phosphate fertilizer is mostly blocky or powdery amorphous, such as calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is powdery, superphosphate is porous and massive. The high-quality compound fertilizer granules and the specific gravity are relatively uniform, the surface is smooth, and it is not easy to absorb moisture and agglomerate, such as Russian ternary compound fertilizer and American diammonium. On the contrary, the fertilizer particles are uneven in size, rough, humid, and easy to agglomerate. 3. Nitrogen fertilizer is almost all white except lime nitrogen, some slightly yellowish brown or light blue (except for adding other ingredients); potassium fertilizer is white or reddish, such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate is white; phosphate is mostly dark gray For example, superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate is gray, and diammonium phosphate is brown.
Second, touch Put the fertilizer in the palm of your hand, hold it firmly or press it, and judge the fertilizer according to the hand feeling. Using this method, it is more effective to distinguish the diammonium in the United States. Grab a handful of fertilizer and hold it several times. If there is a "wet" feeling, it is genuine, while a dry one is likely to be impersonated with a compound fertilizer. In addition, the use of fly ash as a phosphate fertilizer can also be easily judged by "feel".
Third, sniffing Simple judgment by the special smell of fertilizer. For example, ammonium bicarbonate has a strong ammonia odor; ammonium sulfate is slightly sour; superphosphate has a sour taste. The fake and inferior fertilizers are not obvious.
4. Burning The fertilizer sample is heated or burned, and the fertilizer is identified from the color of the flame, the melting condition, the smell of the smoke, and the residue. 1. Ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium chloride: direct decomposition, a large amount of white smoke, strong ammonia smell, no residue; urea: can be quickly melted, white smoke, can be burned in a charcoal fire, or take a glass piece of contact In the case of white smoke, it can be seen that a layer of white crystals is attached to the glass sheet; ammonium nitrate: does not burn but melts and appears to be boiling, and emits ammonia-smelling smoke. 2. The superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate, phosphate rock powder and the like have no change on the charcoal; the bone powder is quickly blackened, and the burnt smell is released. 3. Potassium phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium magnesium phosphate, etc. have no change on the red charcoal, and they are humming. 4. The combustion of compound fertilizer is closely related to its constituent materials. When there is ammonia nitrogen or amido nitrogen in the raw material, it will emit strong ammonia smell and a large amount of residue.

Huaxian County Agricultural Inspection Center Luo Junying

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