Fiber lasers developed by fiber lasers using rare earth doped fibers have revolutionized the field of lightwave technology. Since any optical amplifier can form a laser through an appropriate feedback mechanism, fiber lasers can be developed on the basis of fiber amplifiers. The fiber laser currently developed mainly uses a rare earth doped fiber as a gain medium. Since the fiber core of the fiber laser is very thin, the high power density is easily formed in the fiber under the action of the pump light, and the laser energy level of the laser working substance is “reverse the number of particlesâ€. Therefore, laser oscillation can be formed when a positive feedback loop (constituting a resonant cavity) is appropriately added. In addition, fiber optic lasers are generally tunable due to their wide fluorescence spectrum, making them ideal for WDM system applications.
Compared with semiconductor lasers, the advantages of fiber lasers are mainly reflected in the fact that fiber lasers are waveguide-structured and can be pumped with high gain, high conversion efficiency, low threshold, good output beam quality, narrow line width and simple structure. High reliability and easy coupling to fiber.
We can classify fiber lasers from different angles. For example, according to the structure of the cavity of the fiber laser, it can be divided into two categories: Fabry-Perot cavity and ring cavity. It can also be divided into single wavelength and multi-wavelength according to the number of output wavelengths. The following points should be considered for the characteristics of different types of fiber lasers:
(1) The lower the threshold, the better;
(2) The linearity of output power and pumping optical power is better;
(3) output polarization state;
(4) mode structure;
(5) Energy conversion efficiency;
(6) Laser operating wavelength, etc.
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