The high-speed CNC machine tool also has a high-speed spindle system and a high-speed feed system to achieve high-speed material cutting. In order to achieve high-speed feed, manufacturers at home and abroad continue to take measures to improve the high-speed performance of the ball screw. The main measures are:
Properly increase the screw speed, lead and number of threads. At present, the common diameter of the large lead ball screw is matched with the lead: 400mm*20mm, 50mm*25mm, 50mm*30mm, etc., and the feed speed can reach more than 60m/min. In order to improve the rigidity and load carrying capacity of the ball screw, the large lead ball screw generally adopts double-head thread to increase the effective bearing ring number of the ball.
Improve the structure and improve the smoothness of the ball movement. The ball reversal device is improved to optimize the curve parameters of the ball return groove. The three-dimensional shape of the bead tube and the ball return device is used to truly introduce the ball into the nut body along the lead angle direction of the internal thread to make the ball move. The direction is tangent to the raceway rather than intersecting. This minimizes shock loss and noise.
Hollow strong cooling technology. The high-speed ball screw generates high temperature due to friction during operation, causing thermal deformation of the screw, which directly affects the machining accuracy of the high-speed machine tool. The hollow strong cooling technology is to pass the constant temperature cutting fluid into the hole of the hollow screw, and forcibly cool the ball screw to keep the temperature of the ball pair constant. This measure is an effective way to improve the high-speed performance and working accuracy of medium and large ball screws.
For the high-speed feed system with large stroke, the transmission method of screw fixing and nut rotation can be adopted. At this time, the nut moves axially along the fixed screw while rotating, and the screw is not understood, thereby avoiding the limitation of the critical speed and avoiding various problems occurring when the elongated ball screw is operated at a high speed. The nut has small inertia, flexible movement and high achievable speed.
Further improve the manufacturing quality of the ball screw. By adopting the above various measures, some problems of the transmission ball screw can be overcome to some extent. Its maximum rapid moving speed can reach 60m/min, and in some cases even up to 90m/min, the acceleration can reach 15m/s2. Due to the long history of the ball screw, mature technology, wide application and low cost, it is still not very high in medium load and feed speed, and the general high-speed machining center and other economical high-speed CNC machine tools with a small stroke range are still Often used.
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Label: Ball screw
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