Recently, BMW Motors may have loosened or even broken the fixing bolts on the engine casing of some models, and decided to recall a total of 232,000 related vehicles. In recent years, cases of recalls due to bolting problems abound, and bolts have become the smallest but not negligible parts of automobiles. In the course of interviews in the past, some parts companies reported to reporters that few fastener companies in China have the ability to produce high-strength bolts. Many high-strength bolts used in some key positions such as engines and chassis rely on imports. So, what is the strength of domestic bolt production enterprises? Do high-strength bolts have to rely on imports?
Some high-strength bolts can be purchased domestically
In general, bolts are classified into more than 10 grades, such as 3.6 to 12.9, based on the nominal tensile strength and yield ratio. The requirements for use in different fields are also quite different. Chen Kun, Marketing Director of Fasteners Branch of Fuao Auto Parts Co., Ltd. told reporters: "The car needs to use thousands of bolts, most of which are bolts of grade 8.8 and above, of which 10.9 and 12.9 bolts Can be called a high-strength bolt."
Chen Kun uses engine bolts as an example to indicate that the bolts for fixing the peripheral parts of the engine are relatively low in process requirements, and ordinary bolts can meet the requirements. The high-strength bolts we often say are mainly related to the strong parts in the engine. For example, the flywheel bolts and connecting rod bolts must be 10.9, while the engine cylinder head bolts must reach 12.9.
The reporter interviewed a number of engines and chassis related companies and asked about the procurement of high-strength bolts. These companies all said that high-strength bolts are not completely dependent on imports, and self-owned brands are more willing to purchase domestically produced high-strength bolts. The joint ventures have also gradually localized various bolt products to save costs.
Chen Kun said that Fuao Fasteners Co., Ltd. invested heavily in the development of various 10.9 high-strength bolts for the Volkswagen EA211 engine. The matching standards are consistent with those in Germany, and there are two types of batch production. Liu Kai, deputy general manager of Jiangxi Isuzu Engine Co., Ltd., said that the high-strength bolts of Isuzu diesel engines have been purchased domestically, and the procurement standards are consistent with Isuzu's Japanese procurement standards. Sun Jingyu, deputy director of the Quality Control Department of Qingte Group Co., Ltd. told reporters: "The high-strength bolts used in the Qingte axle are not all imported, and some domestic fastener companies can also meet our process requirements."
The strength of domestic enterprises is still lacking
"High-strength bolts require high manufacturing processes, especially high-strength bolts for vehicles. Any flaws will seriously affect driving safety." Chen Yuanzhi, director of the International Department of China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, told reporters.
Chen Yuanzhi said that some fastener companies in China have the technology to develop high-strength bolts, which can produce high-strength bolt samples. However, if mass production is difficult, it is difficult to guarantee the quality of each product. The main reason is that the product consistency cannot meet the batch requirements. In addition, there is insufficient supply of advanced domestic alloy materials or no better materials are available. Therefore, some high-strength bolts still rely on imports.
It is understood that domestic general fastener enterprises can supply 8.8 bolts, and there are many enterprises that can produce 10.9 bolts in batches, but there are not many enterprises that can produce 12.9 bolts. Chen Kun said that in fact, there are only about five fastener companies in China that can produce high-strength bolts at the same time and can be well-recognized and recognized by the industry. It is worth noting that the only few companies include joint ventures and wholly foreign-owned enterprises.
According to the analysis, domestic enterprises have insufficient power to develop high-strength bolts.
Chen Kun said that compared with ordinary bolts, the profit of high-strength bolts is not obvious. In addition to the large investment in the previous period, some small enterprises may not be able to make enough use of high-strength bolts; each auto company has different requirements for high-strength bolts. This makes the matching of this product more difficult and the cycle becomes longer; the joint venture brand is very cautious about the localization of high-strength bolts, and the localization will only select the enterprises within its supporting system. Domestic fastener enterprises rarely have matching opportunities.
Production links can not escape imports
Although some high-strength bolts can be purchased domestically, it seems that domestic fastener companies have certain production strength, but in fact, every production link of high-strength bolts is difficult to break away from imports. Chen Kun said that the difficulty in the production of high-strength bolts lies in the following aspects: the cold heading process requires high tolerances on products, which requires more sophisticated production equipment, and these cold heading equipment should be imported from abroad or imported from Taiwan; The uniformity of product hardness depends on the heat treatment process, and the high-end heat treatment furnace also needs to be imported; the surface treatment of the product is also the key, and the required solution is also imported overseas.
Huge investment in equipment purchases has determined that some small fastener companies cannot join the ranks of high-strength bolts. Chen Kun said that Fuao Fasteners Co., Ltd. has developed high-strength bolts for Volkswagen EA211 engine for two years, and invested tens of millions of dollars to install general-purpose equipment, heat treatment furnaces for car fasteners and a series of testing equipment. Products must ultimately pass the testing and certification of relevant foreign institutions.
The raw materials for high-strength bolts are also inseparable from imports. It is understood that China's automotive fastener materials are mainly produced by Baosteel Group. Many domestic vehicle manufacturers use Baosteel as the designated manufacturer of steel for special standard parts. A small number of high-strength bolt raw materials with special needs need to be imported from Japan and South Korea. "This huge investment is because we are aiming at the demand for localization or domestic procurement of high-strength bolts in vehicle manufacturers. Although there will be no surge in demand in the short term, this demand will exist for a long time." Chen Kun said.
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