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Recently, the research team of the University of Science and Technology of China, in collaboration with Andre Geim, a professor of the Nobel Prize in Physics and a professor at the University of Manchester in the United Kingdom, has made significant progress in the water transport of graphene nanochannels. The results were published in the "Nature" published on October 13. Wang Fengchao, an associate researcher of China University of Science and Technology, is the author of the article.
As we all know, graphene is a two-dimensional crystal made up of carbon atoms with only one atom thickness. Graphene is not only the thinnest material, but also has a very smooth surface. Using this feature of graphene, the researchers proposed a new method for constructing nanochannels. The accuracy of the size adjustment of the channel can be controlled at 0.34 nm, which is the smallest size nanochannel that can be prepared in the laboratory to date.
The transport of matter at the nanometer scale has always been one of the focuses of current experimental and theoretical research. Especially when the channel size is small to the molecular level, the surface properties of the channel and the solid-liquid interface interaction play a decisive role in the transport of the material. The results show that water moves at high speed in this nanochannel in an approximately frictionless state, however, the flow details and mechanism in the channel are difficult to characterize and analyze using current experimental methods. The core contributions of the research team of China University of Science and Technology in this work are: theoretical analysis and molecular simulation to study the water transfer mechanism in nanochannels. It was found that the molecular-scale interaction of solid-liquid interface will increase the driving force of water transport, thus greatly The water transport efficiency is improved, and the fluid transport at the nanometer scale shows a size effect that is totally different from the macro scale. This study revealed that the solid-liquid interface interaction has a decisive influence on the nano-flow behavior.
The use of two-dimensional materials, such as graphene, to accurately construct nanochannels provides a new platform and a new idea for transporting materials at the nanoscale. This study not only has a significant impact on the understanding and recognition of the fluid transport mechanism at the nanoscale, but also can provide important reference for the design and development of new nanofluidic devices. The nanodevices prepared based on the nanochannel design scheme will further strengthen the application of two-dimensional materials such as graphene in filtration, screening, seawater desalination, and gas separation.
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