1. Tomato fertilizer characteristics
Tomatoes need more fertilizer and are resistant to fertilizer. According to the data, 3300kg of tomato per acre needs to absorb nitrogen (N) 9.3kg, phosphorus (P2O5) 4.3kg and potassium (K2O) 12.3kg from the soil. The ratio of the three is 1:0.46:1.32.
Tomato is mainly nitrogen nutrition in the seedling stage. When the first spike begins, the absorption of NPK increases rapidly, and nitrogen accounts for 50% of the three factors, while potassium only accounts for 32%. At the beginning of the harvest, nitrogen accounted for only 36%, while potassium accounted for 50%. The tomato needs to rise straight up from the fruit setting, and the potassium absorption in the fruit expansion period accounts for more than 70% of the potassium absorption in the whole growth period. The absorption of potassium was only slightly reduced until the late harvest. In the end, the amount of phosphorus absorbed was about 15%. If the number of nitrogen fertilizers is too high during the growth period of tomato, it will not only make the plants grow and fall, but also affect the absorption of calcium by the roots of the plants, causing diseases such as umbilical rot and many physiological obstacles.
2. Tomato fertilization points
2.1 Apply enough base fertilizer. The base fertilizer is mainly composed of decomposed high-quality organic fertilizer, applying 2500-3000kg per acre, and is equipped with appropriate fertilizer according to the variety of ripeness and cultivation period of tomato varieties. For early maturing varieties, 25 to 30 kg of superphosphate and 15 to 20 kg of potassium sulfate are applied per acre. In addition, the urea is increased by about 10kg; for late-maturing varieties, the nitrogen fertilizer should be properly controlled. The distribution of nitrogen fertilizers in the mulching of cultivated tomatoes is generally considered to be based on base and chase. Base fertilizer application method: In addition to phosphate fertilizer, full-layer fertilization can be carried out to uniformly mix fertilizer and cultivated soil to achieve soil and fertilizer blending. The superphosphate is thoroughly mixed with the organic fertilizer and applied to the planting hole to reduce the fixation of phosphorus in the soil. After the tomato seedlings are discharged into the planting hole, the cooked manure is diluted with 500 kg (diluted 1:3 and poured) to stabilize the seedlings. In addition, in order to make the tomato roots grow normally and increase the sugar content, it is effective to apply a small amount of boron fertilizer at the time of sowing. According to the data, the sugar content of the fertilized fruit can be increased from 1.95% of the control to 2.17%.
2.2 Reasonable topdressing. 7 to 10 days after planting, combined with watering to apply a fruit fertilizer, the amount of fertilizer per acre is 500kg. When the first ear fruit begins to expand, 10 to 15 kg of urea is applied in combination with watering. When the first and third ear fruits are inflated, the plants enter the prosperous period, and the per mu is applied with about 1000 kg of manure or quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, preferably alternately with manure and nitrogen fertilizer, and continuous topdressing 3 times. It can achieve the purpose of strengthening, preventing premature aging and improving fruit quality.
In the case of soil potassium deficiency, the application of potassium fertilizer in the middle and late stages plays an important role in making the tomato fruit uniform, reducing the prismatic fruit and improving the quality of the fruit. According to the data, the application of potassium fertilizer to the vitamin C content of the fruit without potassium application increased by 15.4 ~ 38.1mg / kg (fresh weight) total sugar content increased by 13.9 ~ 15.4g / kg.
2.3 timely spray fertilizer. In the middle and late stages of tomato growth, stem and leaf growth began to slow down. In order to fight for early and late yield and prevent premature aging, foliar application of 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 1.5% calcium superphosphate solution has a good effect on promoting fruit development.
Tomatoes need more fertilizer and are resistant to fertilizer. According to the data, 3300kg of tomato per acre needs to absorb nitrogen (N) 9.3kg, phosphorus (P2O5) 4.3kg and potassium (K2O) 12.3kg from the soil. The ratio of the three is 1:0.46:1.32.
Tomato is mainly nitrogen nutrition in the seedling stage. When the first spike begins, the absorption of NPK increases rapidly, and nitrogen accounts for 50% of the three factors, while potassium only accounts for 32%. At the beginning of the harvest, nitrogen accounted for only 36%, while potassium accounted for 50%. The tomato needs to rise straight up from the fruit setting, and the potassium absorption in the fruit expansion period accounts for more than 70% of the potassium absorption in the whole growth period. The absorption of potassium was only slightly reduced until the late harvest. In the end, the amount of phosphorus absorbed was about 15%. If the number of nitrogen fertilizers is too high during the growth period of tomato, it will not only make the plants grow and fall, but also affect the absorption of calcium by the roots of the plants, causing diseases such as umbilical rot and many physiological obstacles.
2. Tomato fertilization points
2.1 Apply enough base fertilizer. The base fertilizer is mainly composed of decomposed high-quality organic fertilizer, applying 2500-3000kg per acre, and is equipped with appropriate fertilizer according to the variety of ripeness and cultivation period of tomato varieties. For early maturing varieties, 25 to 30 kg of superphosphate and 15 to 20 kg of potassium sulfate are applied per acre. In addition, the urea is increased by about 10kg; for late-maturing varieties, the nitrogen fertilizer should be properly controlled. The distribution of nitrogen fertilizers in the mulching of cultivated tomatoes is generally considered to be based on base and chase. Base fertilizer application method: In addition to phosphate fertilizer, full-layer fertilization can be carried out to uniformly mix fertilizer and cultivated soil to achieve soil and fertilizer blending. The superphosphate is thoroughly mixed with the organic fertilizer and applied to the planting hole to reduce the fixation of phosphorus in the soil. After the tomato seedlings are discharged into the planting hole, the cooked manure is diluted with 500 kg (diluted 1:3 and poured) to stabilize the seedlings. In addition, in order to make the tomato roots grow normally and increase the sugar content, it is effective to apply a small amount of boron fertilizer at the time of sowing. According to the data, the sugar content of the fertilized fruit can be increased from 1.95% of the control to 2.17%.
2.2 Reasonable topdressing. 7 to 10 days after planting, combined with watering to apply a fruit fertilizer, the amount of fertilizer per acre is 500kg. When the first ear fruit begins to expand, 10 to 15 kg of urea is applied in combination with watering. When the first and third ear fruits are inflated, the plants enter the prosperous period, and the per mu is applied with about 1000 kg of manure or quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, preferably alternately with manure and nitrogen fertilizer, and continuous topdressing 3 times. It can achieve the purpose of strengthening, preventing premature aging and improving fruit quality.
In the case of soil potassium deficiency, the application of potassium fertilizer in the middle and late stages plays an important role in making the tomato fruit uniform, reducing the prismatic fruit and improving the quality of the fruit. According to the data, the application of potassium fertilizer to the vitamin C content of the fruit without potassium application increased by 15.4 ~ 38.1mg / kg (fresh weight) total sugar content increased by 13.9 ~ 15.4g / kg.
2.3 timely spray fertilizer. In the middle and late stages of tomato growth, stem and leaf growth began to slow down. In order to fight for early and late yield and prevent premature aging, foliar application of 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 1.5% calcium superphosphate solution has a good effect on promoting fruit development.
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