The application of numerical control technology not only brought revolutionary changes to the traditional manufacturing industry, but also made the manufacturing industry a symbol of industrialization. With the continuous development of numerical control technology and the expansion of application fields, it is an important industry for the national economy and the people's livelihood (IT, automobile). The development of light industry, medical care, etc. plays an increasingly important role, because the digitization of the equipment required in these industries is a major trend in modern development. The current CNC lathes show the following trends.
1. High speed and high precision
High speed and precision are the eternal goals of machine tool development. With the rapid development of science and technology, the speed of replacement of mechanical and electrical products has increased, and the requirements for precision and surface quality of parts processing have become higher and higher. In order to meet the needs of this complex and ever-changing market, the current machine tools are developing in the direction of high-speed cutting, dry cutting and quasi-dry cutting, and the machining accuracy is constantly improving. On the Other hand, the successful application of electric spindles and linear motors, ceramic ball bearings, high-precision large lead hollow internal cooling and ball nut strong cold low-temperature high-speed ball screw pair and linear guide pair with ball retainer and other machine tool components The market has also created conditions for high-speed, precision development of machine tools.
The CNC lathe adopts the electric spindle, which eliminates the belt, pulley and gear links, greatly reduces the moment of inertia of the main drive, improves the dynamic response speed and working accuracy of the spindle, and completely solves the transmission of belts and pulleys during high-speed operation of the spindle. Vibration and noise problems. The electric spindle structure can make the spindle speed reach 10000r/min or more.
The linear motor has high drive speed, good acceleration and deceleration characteristics, and superior response characteristics and following accuracy. The linear motor is used as the servo drive, which eliminates the intermediate transmission link of the ball screw, eliminates the transmission gap (including the backlash), has small motion inertia, and has good system rigidity. It can be precisely positioned at high speed, which greatly improves the position. Servo accuracy.
The linear rolling guide pair has zero rolling friction and very small rolling friction, and the wear is small, the heating is negligible, and the thermal stability is very good, which improves the positioning accuracy and repeat positioning accuracy of the whole process.
Through the application of linear motor and linear rolling guide pair, the rapid moving speed of the machine tool can be increased from the current 10-20m/mim to 60-80m/min, even up to 120m/min.
2. High reliability
The reliability of CNC machine tools is a key indicator of the quality of CNC machine tools. Whether CNC machine tools can achieve their high performance, high precision and high efficiency, and get good benefits depends on their reliability.
3. CNC lathe design CAD, structural design modularization
With the popularity of computer applications and the development of software technology, CAD technology has been widely developed. CAD can not only replace the manual drawing work, but more importantly, it can design the design and static and dynamic characteristics analysis, calculation, prediction and optimization design of the whole machine. It can dynamically simulate the working parts of the whole machine. . The 3D geometric model and realistic color of the product can be seen at the design stage on a modular basis. With CAD, it can greatly improve work efficiency and improve the success rate of design, thus shortening the trial production cycle, reducing design cost and improving market competitiveness.
Modular design of machine tool components not only reduces repetitive work, but also responds quickly to the market and shortens the product development design cycle.
4. Functional composite
The purpose of functional compositing is to further increase the productivity of the machine tool and minimize the use of non-processing assistance time. Through the combination of functions, the scope of use of the machine tool can be expanded, the efficiency can be improved, and a multi-purpose machine can be realized, and one machine can be multi-functional, that is, a CNC lathe can realize both turning function and milling processing; or in milling-based Grinding is also possible on the machine. Baoji Machine Tool Factory has successfully developed the CX25Y CNC Turning and Milling Compound Center, which has both X and Z axes as well as C and Y axes. Planar milling and machining of the offset and groove can be achieved by the C and Y axes. The machine is also equipped with a powerful power tool holder and a counter spindle. The sub-spindle adopts a built-in electric spindle structure, and the speed of the main and sub-spindle can be directly synchronized by the numerical control system. The machine tool workpiece can be fully processed in one setup, which greatly improves the efficiency.
5. Intelligent, networked, flexible and integrated
The 21st century CNC equipment will be a system with certain intelligence. The intelligent content includes all aspects in the numerical control system: in order to pursue the intelligentization of processing efficiency and processing quality, such as adaptive control of the processing process, automatic generation of process parameters; in order to improve the driving performance and the intelligence of using the connection, Such as feedforward control, adaptive calculation of motor parameters, automatic identification of load automatic selection model, self-tuning, etc.; simplify programming, simplify the operation of intelligent, such as intelligent automatic programming, intelligent human-machine interface; There are intelligent diagnosis, intelligent monitoring and other aspects to facilitate system diagnosis and maintenance.
Networked numerical control equipment is a hot spot in the development of machine tools in recent years. The network of CNC equipment will greatly meet the demand for information integration in production lines, manufacturing systems, and manufacturing enterprises. It is also the basic unit for implementing new manufacturing models, such as agile manufacturing, virtual enterprise, and global manufacturing.
The trend of CNC machine tools to flexible automation systems is: from point (CNC stand-alone, machining center and CNC multi-tasking machine), line (FMC, FMS, FTL, FML) to the surface (segment workshop independently manufacturing island, FA), body ( The development of CIMS and distributed network integrated manufacturing systems, on the other hand, focuses on application and economy. Flexible automation technology is the main means for the manufacturing industry to adapt to dynamic market demand and rapid product updates. It is the mainstream trend of manufacturing development in various countries and the basic technology in the field of advanced manufacturing. The focus is on improving the reliability and practicality of the system, aiming at easy networking and integration, and focusing on strengthening the development and improvement of unit technology. The CNC single machine develops in the direction of high precision, high speed and high flexibility. CNC machine tools and their flexible manufacturing systems can be easily connected with CAD, CAM, CAPP and MTS, and develop in the direction of information integration. Network systems are moving toward openness, integration and intelligence.
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