Introduction: In China's equipment manufacturing industry, the four industries of power transmission and transformation equipment, hydropower industry, thermal power equipment and port machinery are the best. However, China's current equipment manufacturing industry is large but not strong. At present, it does not have the ability to lead the new development trend of the world equipment manufacturing industry. However, after ten years or more of unremitting efforts, China's equipment manufacturing industry will become the world equipment manufacturing industry. The leader.
   Qu Xianming, former vice president of the China Academy of Mechanical Science, pointed out in his keynote speech entitled "Can China's equipment manufacturing industry lead the world": At present, China does not have the ability to lead the new trend of the world's equipment manufacturing industry, but the future ten Years can be done.
Dean Qu Xianming introduced that in the Chinese equipment manufacturing industry, the four industries of power transmission and transformation equipment, hydropower industry, thermal power equipment and port machinery are the best.
In the power transmission and transformation equipment industry, we have successfully developed the world's leading UHV power transmission and transformation equipment, built the world's first million kilovolt UHV AC demonstration line, and put into commercial operation, this is in the world. Not on
In the hydropower industry, the 26 700,000-kilowatt turbines in the Three Gorges are the largest in the world. At present, the hydropower station with 800,000 kilowatts of hydropower equipment is under construction in the southwest. This means that we have achieved world-leading levels in hydropower equipment;
Thermal power equipment, now the domestic electric field buys domestically produced units. Now the thermal power unit of 800,000 kilowatts and above has become the main force of domestic construction. The power consumption of the million kilowatt ultra-supercritical thermal power unit is 279, which has reached the world advanced level. ;
Port machinery, everyone knows that Xinhua Steel and container machinery have entered 73 countries, accounting for 78 shares of the international market. In the industry where there is a bright spot is engineering machinery, there have been a number of internationally competitive large enterprises, such as Xugong, Sany Heavy Industry and Zhonglian Heavy Industry. The products of Sany Heavy Industry have made a name for themselves in the disaster relief in Chile and Japan.
These four industries are all in the advanced field in the world, or have entered advanced. However, we have seen that although China is the largest country in terms of total volume, China's equipment manufacturing industry is large but not strong, mainly because there are three prominent problems.
The first is that the independent innovation is weak, and the high-end equipment manufacturing is in a difficult situation. At present, the domestic equipment manufacturing industry can not produce large-scale civil aircraft, deep-water marine oil equipment, 90% of high-end CNC machine tools, 95% of high-grade CNC systems, robots rely on imports, factory automatic control systems, scientific instruments and precision measuring instruments are dependent on foreign countries. 70%.
Second, the development of key components is lagging behind, and the host faces a crisis of “empty shellingâ€. A large number of key components, components and ancillary equipment required for high-end mainframes and complete sets of equipment are imported. Most of the supporting equipment for offshore engineering equipment is imported. The aviation industry needs poor engine, airborne equipment, raw materials and supporting components. 70% of the high-end functional components for high-end CNC machine tools need to be imported, and more than 30MPA hydraulic components for large construction machinery are imported; A quarter of the pump media is mainly dependent on imports, and the main development is severely constrained. The shell can be done, the heart of things we can't do.
Third, the development of the manufacturing service industry is lagging behind, and the high-end of the value chain is absent. Now the development of the equipment manufacturing industry relies on the growth of single-machine and physical quantity, and the service industry that provides users with system design, system complete sets, engineering contracting, remote diagnosis and maintenance, recycling, and leasing has not been cultivated. The proportion of service income is less than 10%, and foreign countries have exceeded 50%. Our main business is the processing and assembly link at the low end of the value chain.
The existence of these three fatal problems shows that although China is the world's number one in terms of output value, it is not the first, because high-end equipment is not good, your ability to innovate is not good, and you can't do the control system of your core parts. And you are at the low end of the value chain. From the point of view of equipment, we are more concerned with the design of the front part of the product and the equipment manufacturing of the parts. We are very poor in the latter part of the service. Now many companies have such experience, bought a very good foreign advanced production line, but the time spent found that if the parts need to be changed, it is very expensive, there are problems, please ask the experts to repair this cost is also very Expensive, some days are hundreds of thousands of people. In this way, we have problems with the follow-up services. These three are the key factors affecting whether China's equipment manufacturing industry can lead the world.
The third question is that China’s equipment manufacturing industry will be the day leading the world when it is big and strong. Dean Qu Xianming said.
When can lead the world, the three major problems I just mentioned have been solved. At that time, China led the world. The equipment manufacturing industry can become bigger and stronger and lead the world? There are five major signs.
First, the international market share is the highest in the world. We have done this, and our output value is already the highest in the world, because world possession is already the first.
Second, more than half of the industry's international competitiveness is in the top three in the world, becoming a key industry affecting the balance of supply and demand in the international market. Because we can't do high-end, you can't be in the top three international competitiveness.
Third, we have a group of flagship international large enterprise groups with international influence, capital and technology input capabilities and entering the world's top 500.
Fourth, we have a world-class equipment manufacturing base with international competitiveness and market share in the forefront of the world.
Fifth, this article is the most difficult, that is, to achieve the breakthrough of original innovation, a number of original, original equipment came out.
At present, the products produced by China's equipment manufacturing industry are basically imported foreign advanced technology, or are copied from foreign products. That is to say, a situation in China's current equipment manufacturing industry is to follow the ass of the industrialized countries. It is a kind of follow-up status. Follow the impossible to lead. You must lead to the front of you. Your product must have its own. The development of this can lead, so I think that Article 5 is the most important for China to lead the world's equipment manufacturing industry, and it is the most difficult to do at present.
How long does it take to achieve this ambition, or a weaker time? How does this path go?
I made a brief summary. First, we must promote industrial optimization and upgrading. From production-oriented manufacturing to service-oriented manufacturing. Everyone's development includes modern manufacturing services such as system design, system complete sets, engineering contracting, equipment leasing, remote diagnostic services, recycling and remanufacturing. We have to occupy the high end of the value chain, as well as promote green manufacturing, the most important thing is to solve the low-end problem of the value chain.
Second, consolidate the industrial base. Solve the problem of the lag of the development of basic components. Aiming at the needs of major equipment and high-end equipment development, solving the problem of the development of key components such as bearings, gears, hydraulic parts, pneumatic parts, seals and large main end parts. This problem is solved, then the problem of empty shelling will be solved, and of course, regional hot processing will be established.
Third, vigorously cultivate emerging industries. Focus on new energy power generation equipment, functional power grid and equipment, energy conservation and environmental protection and resource comprehensive utilization equipment, rail transit equipment, offshore engineering equipment, intelligent manufacturing equipment, industrial gas turbines and aero engines and their manufacturing equipment, electronics industry equipment, Internet of Things Equipment, medical equipment, new energy vehicles, etc., accelerate the cultivation and form a certain scale of industry as soon as possible.
It is gratifying that the high-end equipment manufacturing industry has become one of the seven strategic emerging industries that China will cultivate and develop in the future. The high-end equipment manufacturing industry consists of five major parts: aviation equipment, satellite and its applications, marine engineering, rail transit, and intelligent manufacturing equipment. This is the high-end manufacturing equipment that we will focus on in the future. This is the first problem to solve. Our current equipment manufacturing industry is still at the low end. What is our high end? It is the fifth one.
Fifth, improve the ability of independent innovation. You must have originality, have inventions and creations, and have unique Chinese products. If the ability to innovate is weak, we can only follow the foreigners, copy the imitation, introduce other people's technology, and you will not lead. So the ability to improve innovation is a big problem. If our innovation ability is improved and our strategic emerging industries are upgraded, that is, high-end equipment is cultivated, then the first problem is solved, that is, the problem of the high-end market is solved. Of course, this time I think it is about ten years. By 2020, all Chinese equipment manufacturing industry, all industries have a big store, a process, before 2015, there should be a group of advantageous industries to take the lead in promoting clean and efficient Power generation equipment, hydropower, and nuclear power, nuclear power digestion and absorption can be done well, then we have done well from the power generation industry, it has become bigger and stronger.
The second is high-voltage power transmission and transformation. Now we have achieved the first international level of high-voltage transmission and transformation. We have built the international first high-voltage demonstration line and put it into operation. There are also breakthroughs in coal mining equipment, engineering construction machinery, port machinery and other industries that have competitive advantages. I think that in 2015, we can take the lead in breaking through big changes. Of course, not all industries will become the world's number one at that time. If only half of our industries are calculated according to sales, then we can achieve a big change.
China's current equipment manufacturing industry is large but not strong. At present, it does not have the ability to lead the new development trend of the world equipment manufacturing industry. However, after ten years or more of unremitting efforts, China's equipment manufacturing industry will become the world's equipment manufacturing industry. leader.
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