On April 28, the training course on straw bioreactor technology organized by the Department of Science and Technology Education of the Ministry of Agriculture in Zibo, Shandong Province was learned: Using straw bioreactor technology, each mu of greenhouse can effectively use 10-15 mu of corn stalks per year; Greenhouse temperature 4-6 °C, temperature 2-3 °C, increase the carbon dioxide concentration in winter shed 6-10 times; for certain pests and diseases control effect up to 45-95%; can reduce the amount of pesticides 70%, save more than 50% of chemical fertilizers , And the listing period of agricultural products can be 15-20 days in advance, the harvest period is extended 30-40 days, the average increase in production by more than 50%, the quality of agricultural products meet or exceed the world's standards for organic food.
Wang Qingli, director of the Department of Resources and Environment of the Department of Science and Technology Education of the Ministry of Agriculture, told reporters that straw bio-reactor technology is a modern agricultural bio-engineering innovation that makes full use of straw resources to significantly increase the yield of fruits and vegetables and improve quality. The promotion and application of this technology can fundamentally solve the problems caused by long-term use of chemical fertilizers such as deterioration of soil ecology and pollution of agricultural products. It is an initiative to promote the utilization of straw and livestock manure, promote the effective conversion of various production factors, and increase the output and quality of agricultural products. The effective measures will lead to a new agricultural revolution with the promotion and popularization of the technology.
According to Zhang Shiming, a researcher at the Shandong Straw Bioengineering Technology Research Center, the straw bioreactor technology is based on four innovative theories (plant hunger theory, plant biocontrol vaccine theory, leaf active and passive absorption theory, and straw mineral element recycling and reuse theory). Basically, the crop stalks are transformed into carbon dioxide, heat, disease-resistant spores, enzymes, organic and inorganic nutrients required for plant growth by the action of microbial strains, catalysts, and purifying agents, and thus obtain high-yield, high-quality, and pollution-free agricultural products. The technology of process facilities is characterized by using straw instead of chemical fertilizers, plant vaccines to replace pesticides, low cost, easy operation, abundant resources, large input-output ratio, and remarkable environmental protection effects.
Zhang Shiming told reporters that straw bioreactor technology can be widely applied to different crops and can fundamentally break away from the situation where agricultural production depends on chemical fertilizers. The application of the technology of different varieties of fruit trees generally increase production by 80% -500%; vegetable varieties generally increase production by 50% -200%; root, stem, leaf crops generally increase production 1-3 times, legumes (such as peanuts, soybeans) Increase production by 50% to 150%. The results of many years of production and application show that the yield of fruit trees is greater than that of vegetables; the yield of vegetables of roots, stems, and leaves is greater than that of fruits; the yield of legumes is greater than that of grasses; the crops whose leaves are economical (such as tea and tobacco) And so on) are bigger than crops with economic output.
It is understood that in 2007, the Department of Science and Education of the Ministry of Agriculture through the rural cleaning project and the Shandong section of the South-North Water Transfer Project on Monitoring and Prevention of Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution, has established a demonstration base of 350 mu in the demonstration area, and the promotion area has reached 50,000 mu. Since 2001, Shandong Province has applied the technology cumulatively to 110,000 greenhouse fruits and vegetables, 30,000 mu of orchards and tea gardens, basically covering strawberry, tomato, cucumber, cowpea, sweet pepper, summer squash, lotus root and other vegetable varieties. , apricot, cherry and other fruits, tea and other products. In order to encourage farmers to apply the technology, the Linzi District government of Zibo City also adopted ecological compensation measures to subsidize 900 yuan for each shed.
During the training, the Science and Technology Development Center of the Ministry of Agriculture, the Central Agricultural Broadcasting and Television School, and the China Agricultural Publishing House donated books and CDs to 11 provinces (cities, districts), agricultural environmental protection stations, and county-level agricultural environmental protection agencies, management and technical personnel who participated in the training. , understand paper and flipchart. Shandong Provincial Department of Agriculture Xu Jiantang researcher explained in detail the technical operating procedures.