The advantages and disadvantages of refractory raw material industry
1, resources. Henan Province is rich in natural fire-resistant raw materials. In addition to magnesium-based raw materials, the other raw materials are of complete varieties and of high quality. The reserves of bauxite in Henan Province reached 280 million tons, ranking second in the country. In addition, Henan Province has abundant coal, electricity, and other energy sources. Electrofusion, synthesis, sintering, homogenization, and other materials based on various raw materials have taken a large share in the domestic market and have been exported to Europe, the United States, and Southeast Asian countries. Reputation. However, the method of raw material extraction is backward, indiscriminate mining, mining and abandoning poverty, the recovery rate of raw ore mining is less than 50%, and waste of resources is serious. In terms of raw material processing, the former state-owned mining enterprises have all suspended production, and the small vertical shaft kiln is being burned and processed extensively. The added value of the products is very low.
2, production capacity. After the reform and opening up, refractory raw material enterprises in Henan Province increased rapidly, and state-owned, collective, individual, and associate factories competed to launch. According to industry statistics in 1993, there are about 1,000 fire-resistant raw material production enterprises, which are subordinated to metallurgy, building materials, chemical industry, light industry, township collective and individual enterprise systems in 15 cities, most of which are located on both sides of the Bohai Sea and Jiaozhi Railway. West of the Beijing-Guangzhou line. In recent years, the production capacity is too large, some companies are underemployed, and they are shutting down and switching to production and semi-discontinued production. Some state-owned enterprises have declared bankruptcy. According to industry estimates, there are more than 600 raw material mines and refractories enterprises in Henan Province, which are still seriously saturated in terms of output and capacity. According to statistics, in 1999, the output of refractory raw materials in Henan Province was 3 million tons, and the output of refractory products was 2.797 million tons, of which 1.944 million tons of refractory bricks, 625,000 tons of amorphous shapes, and 228 thousand tons of other products. Therefore, in terms of output alone, after the accession to the WTO, the export of fire-resistant raw materials and products in Henan Province has strong strength.
3, the size of the company. Glass screen printers Some enterprises in Luoyang, Jiaozuo, Dianchi and other places are well-known leading enterprises in China, and a number of enterprises in Xiangyang, Kaifeng, Xinxiang, Pingdingshan, Sanmenxia, ​​Jiyuan, Gongyi, and Mixian are rising stars and have a certain scale. Competitiveness. Other companies are small in scale, single in variety, and less in the industry. In general, the size and equipment level of Henan's refractory raw material companies vary widely. Most of the companies are small, scattered, chaotic, and have extensive management. There are fewer brand-name companies and brand-name products.
4, production costs. The refractory raw material resources and abundant coal energy in Henan Province, combined with convenient transportation and low raw material costs, lay a good foundation for the development of refractory raw materials and products. Refractory materials are labor-intensive products, the average wage of employees is not high, and labor productivity is low. Although the lower productivity partly offsets the low wages and low cost competitive advantages of raw materials, compared with the domestic and foreign markets, the production costs are generally relatively low and will have obvious advantages in the international market competition.
5, technical strength. Ceramic Fiber Paper Luoyang Refractory Materials Research Institute and Luoyang Refractory Materials Group Co., Ltd. are strong in science and technology and have a leading position in China. Key enterprises in Jiaozuo, Xiangyang, Xinxiang, and Kaifeng also have strong capabilities. Other companies, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, have weak technical capabilities. In the past few years, companies have enrolled many students in different forms in some universities with refractories and have now become technical backbones. In recent years, some colleges and universities in Henan Province have also cultivated many talents for enterprises, but the technical power is far from meeting the needs. After joining the WTO, the requirements for scientific knowledge of scientific and technological personnel will be more stringent. They must have rich professional knowledge, but also have a high level of foreign language, and are familiar with the WTO rules and international economic laws. Obviously, after joining the WTO, whether or not there is talent will be the most severe challenge to the company.
6, product structure and quality. Henan has many ordinary products and few high-quality products, and 60% are ordinary clay bricks and high-alumina bricks. This status quo has, to a large extent, reduced the output efficiency of existing assets and weakened the competitiveness. In recent years, compared with the international market requirements, the quality of the products exported from our province is not stable because of the unstable physical quality of some products, and the chemical composition, dimensional accuracy and appearance cannot meet the requirements. In terms of product packaging and after-sales service, there are still many problems. It can be seen that after joining the WTO, the refractory industry in Henan Province, like the entire country, will face challenges and opportunities. Henan has obvious advantages in terms of basic resources, production capacity, and production costs. However, in terms of production equipment, product structure, technical strength, and product quality, most small and medium-sized enterprises are relatively inferior, except for a few companies that have advantages.
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