Liquid chlorine equipment leakage accident disposal operation instructions

Liquid chlorine equipment leakage accident disposal operation instructions

1 General 1.1 Purpose To control and eliminate the hazards of leakage of liquid chlorine equipment in a timely manner and minimize the casualties and property losses caused by the accident, in accordance with the “Regulations for the Supervision of Special Equipment Safety” and the “Emergency Plan for Special Equipment Special Accidents in Anhui Province”, Prepare this work instruction book. 1.2 Scope of Application This work instruction is applicable to emergency rescue operation guides for accidents in the accidents of special equipment such as liquid chlorine storage tanks, rail tankers, automobile tank trucks, liquid (gas) chlorine pipelines, and liquid chlorine cylinders in the jurisdiction of Anhui Province.

2 Media characteristics Liquid chlorine is used as a basic chemical raw material and is widely used in chemical and water treatment industries. It is a highly toxic product category. 2.1 Physicochemical properties Chlorine is a yellow-green highly toxic gas with irritating odors. Liquid chlorine is compressed by chlorine or cryogenic liquefaction. Under standard conditions, the chlorine density was 3.214 kg/m3 and the relative density (air 1) was 2.48. Slightly soluble in water. One volume of liquid chlorine can be vaporized into 484 volumes of chlorine gas under standard conditions. When the liquid chlorine evaporates, it needs to absorb a lot of heat. The contact with liquid chlorine can cause serious frostbite. The volumetric expansion coefficient of chlorine is larger. The full-capacity cylinder filled with liquid chlorine will increase the liquid chlorine temperature by 1°C in the range of 0-60°C. The pressure rises about 0.87-1.42 MPa, so the liquid chlorine cylinder can easily explode when it is overpacked. 2.2 Hazardous characteristics: Chlorine itself does not burn, but it can support combustion. Most of the combustibles can be combusted in chlorine. Generally combustible substances or vapors can also form explosive mixtures with chlorine. Chlorine can react violently with many chemicals such as acetylene, turpentine, ether, ammonia, fuel gas, hydrocarbons, hydrogen, metal powders, etc. to cause explosions or generate explosive substances. It is corrosive to most metals and non-metals. In the production of chlor-alkali, if the production process is not strictly controlled, nitrogen trichloride (NCl 3 ) can easily accumulate in the equipment. Nitrogen trichloride is a severe explosive, self-ignition explosion point 95 °C, easy to decompose in hot water, insoluble in cold water, volatile, unstable in the air, in the gas phase concentration of 5-6% (V /V) There is a potential explosion hazard. At 60 °C under vibration or ultrasonic conditions, prone to decompose explosion, and contact with oil or organic matter, etc. can also be an explosion. 2.3 Health hazards. Acute poisoning light tears, cough, chest tightness, the performance of bronchitis and bronchitis. Moderate poisoning occurs with bronchopneumonia or interstitial pulmonary edema; pulmonary edema, coma, and shock occur in severe cases of poisoning, and complications such as pneumothorax and mediastinal emphysema may occur. 2.4 Environmental hazards are harmful to the environment and cause pollution to the atmosphere. Water absorbing liquids cause pollution to soil and water bodies.

3 Parts that are prone to accidents 3.1 Failures or leaks of the gas-liquid inlet and outlet ports of the liquid chlorine tank, the liquid-phase inlet and outlet ports, the sewage outlet ports, the disperse inlet ports, the interface between the level gauges, and the interface of the pressure gauges, valves, flanges, and seals. 3.2 The failure or leakage of the connection seals of chlorine pipes, valves, flanges, etc. 3.3 Leakage or burst of hose for loading and unloading of liquid chlorine tankers. 3.4 Failure or leakage of sealing surfaces of liquid chlorine cylinder valves and plugs.

4 Equipment and equipment 4.1 Fire-fighting equipment and equipment. Fire truck, fire water curtain, fire water cannon, sand. 4.2 Protective equipment. Filter-type protective chlorine poisoning special gas masks, oxygen breathing apparatus, air respirator, wet towels, fully enclosed chemical protective clothing, anti-freezing rubber gloves, work boots. 4.3 Equipment supplies reserves. Cranes, toxic gas concentration testers, wind direction meters, rescue ropes (30-50 meters for rescue of poisoned wounded and trailing cylinders), plugging clamps with different specifications, clamps, high-pressure injection guns, manual high-pressure pumps, Fireproof professional construction tools, explosion-proof flashlight, sealant for liquid chlorine medium, 10-15% sodium hydroxide solution, etc. 4.4 medical ambulance, 2% - 3% baking soda solution or 1% sodium sulfate solution, 1%-2% ephedrine or 2%-3% procaine + 0.1% epinephrine solution, other commonly used ambulance drugs.

5 Emergency Disposal 5.1 In the event of a leakage accident, the following actions shall be taken at the same time: Start the emergency rescue plan for the company (production, use, storage) and the region (in transit). Rescue and rescue work must adhere to the principle of people-oriented. 5.1.1 Alarm. Inform the relevant personnel of the company's management, maintenance, emergency rescue and other personnel to attend the site. Dial 119 and 120 and report to the fire department and other departments to inform the water supply department to pressurize the pipeline in the area where the accident occurred and report the accident to the relevant local quality supervision and safety supervision departments. 5.1.2 valve off, off source. Accident engineering technicians or personnel who are familiar with the site shut down the pipeline valves that transport the material and shut off the source of the accident. The firefighters were responsible for the use of flowering or spray guns to assist in the upwind operation. Closed valve personnel protective equipment must be fully dressed. 5.1.3 Rescuing the wounded, setting up areas, and evacuating people. (1) Rescue team: Put on the fully enclosed chemical protective clothing, wear an oxygen breathing apparatus, and under the cover of the fire water curtain, find and rescue the wounded person to find out the location and shape of the leakage. (2) Evacuation team: According to the terrain, wind direction, wind speed, liquid chlorine storage in the accident equipment, leakage level, and surrounding roads, important facilities, construction conditions and personnel density, etc., the scope of leakage impact assessment, under the guidance of experts Set up hazardous areas, buffer areas, evacuation areas, and implement necessary personnel evacuation, traffic control, and traffic grooming. (3) Plugging group: According to the information obtained by the rescue team's on-site reconnaissance, the expert team determines the plugging program. If the device is in danger of explosion, it must be evacuated quickly. 5.1.4 Dilution and toxicity reduction. In the upwind position of the leakage point, spray water guns in the form of flowers and fixed spray guns at the leakage point to absorb toxic gases and prevent toxic gases from being emitted into the air. In order to improve the effect, soda powder or other alkaline substances can be added to the fire water. It is forbidden to directly impact the leakage or the source of the leakage with water, and an isolation ditch shall be provided to prevent the leakage of the leakage into the drainage channel, the ventilation system and the airtight space. 5.2 Leakage disposal 5.2.1 Pressure relief venting. When the cracking size of the tank is large enough to stop leaking, the liquid chlorine in the tank can be rapidly introduced into the empty tank or other storage tanks. 5.2.2 If there is a leak in the tank wall and the leak is not large enough to be blocked, the chlorine gas can be introduced into a 10-15% sodium hydroxide solution and neutralized. (The sodium hydroxide is formulated as a 10-15% solution. To dispose of one ton of chlorine gas requires 1.5 tons of sodium hydroxide (100%). If a 30% sodium hydroxide solution is used to prepare the solution, 5 tons of 30 tons of weight are required to dispose of 1 ton of chlorine gas. % sodium hydroxide solution.) 5.2.3 Plugging of the appliance. 5.2.3.1 When leakage occurs on the pipe wall and the valve cannot be closed and leaked, different types of plugging mats, plugging wedges, plugging glue, and plugging tapes can be used for plugging. 5.2.3.2 Microvia leaks can be plugged with screws and adhesive screwed into the holes. 5.2.3.3 Leakage and leakage of tank walls Leakage can be covered from the outside by special equipment such as inflatable bags and inflatable cushions. 5.2.3.4 Leakage from pressurized pipelines Bundled inflatable plugging bags may be used, or special equipment such as metal shell-lined rubber mats may be used for plugging. 5.2.3.5 Leakage of valves, flanges, or flange gaskets can occur. Sealing can be performed by using different types of flange fixtures and by injecting sealant, or by using a special valve plugging tool. 5.2.3.6 Liquid chlorine cylinders may be plugged with a sealer first and then disposed of with a special tool. 5.2.4 When a small volume of liquid chlorine cylinder leaks, and there is no appliance leakage or leakage can not be controlled, it can be immersed in the alkali pool to neutralize. 5.3 Decontamination on site. According to the physical and chemical properties of the liquid chlorine and the specific conditions of the pollution, chemical disinfection and physical disinfection can be used, or the contaminated area can be temporarily closed. 5.4 On-site restoration. After the relevant departments and experts have checked the safety of the accident site, they may be allowed to enter the accident site to clean up, repair equipment, and resume production.

6 Safety Protection 6.1 Personal Protection. Wear a chlorine-repellent gas mask (full face mask) or an isolated respirator, wear a fully enclosed chemical protective suit, and wear anti-frost protection when handling liquid chlorine leaks. When there is no protective article, you can use a wet towel to cover your nose and move upwind. 6.2 Disposal of the wounded. Skin contact: Immediately remove contaminated clothing, rinse with plenty of running water, and seek medical attention. Eye contact: Immediately bring up the eyelid, rinse with plenty of clean water or saline, and seek medical attention. Inhalation: quickly from the scene to fresh air. Keep the airway open. If breathing stops, give artificial respiration and chest cardiac surgery immediately. Seek medical attention. 6.3 On-site monitoring. Rapidly monitor the concentration and spread of toxic gases in hazardous areas, buffer areas, and evacuation areas, and prepare personnel for evacuation at any time. 6.4 Registration of personnel entering and exiting a hazardous area shall be performed, and statistical work shall be done on the personnel at the scene of the accident and the disabled.

7 Supplementary Provisions 7.1 After the emergency work is completed, the emergency operation unit shall summarize the experience of the emergency disposal work and submit a summary report within 15 days after the completion of the emergency work, and send it to the Provincial Special Equipment Accident Investigation and Processing Center. 7.2 Emergency pressure plugging personnel should be trained and hold the corresponding qualification certificate. 7.3 This work instruction is the guiding document for accident emergency rescue. After an accident occurs, emergency work should be carried out under the guidance of the expert group depending on the specific circumstances of the accident scene. 7.4 This work instruction is valid after it is released