Current situation of China's stone enterprises

Abstract China is the world's largest stone production and sales country and a major exporter, while the stone industry has emerged in a series of ups and downs, indiscriminate mining, disordered industry, non-renewable resources and ecological destruction and destruction. The problem, the entire industrial structure is extremely unreasonable, the enterprise's...

China is the world's number one stone production and sales country and a major exporter, while the stone industry has emerged a series of problems such as rushing, indiscriminate mining, disordered industry, non-renewable resources and devastating plunder and destruction of ecology. The entire industrial structure is extremely unreasonable. The scale, technical level and distribution of the enterprise are characterized by “small, earthy, scattered and chaotic”.

Zou Chuansheng, president of China Stone Industry Association, said that the current operation of China's stone industry is in a state of “five highs” and “six lows”, that is, high output, high number of enterprises, high number of employees, high resource and energy consumption, and high environmental pollution; Low labor productivity, low degree of intensification, low technology content, low stone performance, low market resilience and low economic efficiency. The reporter recently interviewed provinces and autonomous regions with more stone resources such as Guangxi, Fujian and Guizhou, and learned that the rapid expansion of China's stone industry “expansion” has brought a series of evil consequences.

Vicious competition for sale of small, earth, scattered and chaotic enterprises
It is understood that the current structure of China's stone industry is extremely unreasonable. The scale, technical level and distribution of enterprises are characterized by “small, earthy, scattered and chaotic”. Relevant information shows that the number of small and medium-sized enterprises in the national stone industry accounts for more than 95% of the total, of which medium-sized enterprises account for less than 4%, and production accounts for only 10% of the country's total output; large and extra-large enterprises are basically not, and individual and private Collective mining and processing enterprises are numerous. The number of enterprises, the wide distribution, the small scale, the lack of ability to withstand market storms and the ability to participate in international competition have led to a fall in product prices. In recent years, they have fallen below the reasonable price level considered by the EU and are subject to EU anti-dumping. Tunxi City is the largest stone mining and processing base in Guangxi. Due to the excessive number of domestic stone enterprises and the oversupply of the market, the enterprises are competing to reduce prices. This small county-level city has thousands of cutting machines for cutting stones. The owner can't make money, and 1/3 of them stop production. A boss told reporters: "In the early 1990s, some of the plates we processed could be sold for up to 300 yuan, and now only 70 yuan to 80 yuan. The price is too low, and the business is really difficult."

“Destructive plundering resources, local governments are eager for quick success”

China's stone resources storage volume is the world's number one, and stone material consumption is also the world's number one. As various mining and processing enterprises rushed to dig up and plundered resources uncontrollably and plundered resources, the stone as a non-renewable resource was wasted a lot, and some of China's excellent stone resources were nearly exhausted. Due to the lack of effective management and planning, the mines are disorderly mined. While destroying the forest vegetation, the dust, wastewater (stucco) and noise generated by the processing of stone increase the deterioration of the ecological environment. Lin Yuhua, director of the industry work department of China Stone Industry Association and senior engineer, told reporters that in order to reduce the initial investment, most of the development enterprises adopt the original operation method of “enlarge the cannon and dig the mountain foot”. The result of the shooting is that the material utilization rate is only a few percent. The waste of resources is huge, and a large amount of stone that has been blown up cannot be used for making high-end products, and can only be discarded, or used as a raw material for the production of ultra-fine calcium powder of low-grade filled industrial products.

After a foreign expert visited China to visit the stone mining site, he said that the mining sites in western developed countries look like "high-rise buildings", while China's mining bases are similar to "archaeological sites." This means that the mining of stone in developed countries is taken from the top to the bottom, so that they can make full use of resources and extract more whole materials. Most Chinese mines only mine stone close to the ground, or it is easier on the mountain. The stone is mined, and "a shot is made for a place, and a mountain is blown up." After the mine is dug, it is difficult to continue mining.

In Guizhou, Sichuan, Guangxi, Guangdong, and Yunnan, where some stone resources are relatively abundant, some local governments are eager for quick success. In the development of stone resources, they hold the development concept of "water rapid flow" and the concept of political achievements, only paying attention to the present, not looking at the long-term. Do not pay attention to protecting resources, use resources as a bargaining chip, attract investment at low cost, and transform the resource advantages in the jurisdiction into economic advantages. Some places even develop mines in violation of national laws and regulations, resulting in the lack of government management and regional industry confusion.

Correcting the abnormal development view and strengthening the industry regulation plan
In view of the current situation of the abnormal development of China's stone industry, Zou Chuansheng said that if such an extensive development path is followed, the development of China's stone resources and industry will be devastated, and the national “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” has proposed energy conservation and consumption reduction for enterprises. With clear development goals, China's stone industry urgently needs to take the road of intensification and new industrialization. Relevant experts and industry insiders have called for local governments to implement the scientific concept of development and “do something” in the macro-control and management of the industry. First of all, the government must correct the abnormal development concept, control the total amount, and scientific planning. Some detailed plans in Canada, Austria, etc. In China, the government’s “visible hand” is relatively lacking, and it is almost entirely an invisible hand to let the market work. Moreover, China's current stone industry enterprise access threshold is relatively low, and there is no clear definition of the scale of technology and environmental protection investment of enterprises, which leads to the disorderly state of many mine development in the “mass movement”. Therefore, it is necessary for local governments to carry out unified planning for the development of mines from the height of long-term development of the industry, accelerate the structural adjustment of the stone industry, scientifically set the threshold for enterprise industry access, eliminate “small stone” enterprises, and support advantageous enterprises. The second is to implement environmental protection requirements in accordance with the principle of “who destroys, who recovers; who benefits and who compensates”.

Stone mining companies in many places have paid low environmental compensation fees after finishing their operations. Some companies often leave without paying any environmental compensation. Therefore, it is necessary to truly implement the requirements of the national environmental protection policy for stone enterprises, forcing enterprises to incorporate economic compensation caused by destructive mining mines into costs, and promote enterprises to make full use of resources. It is also necessary to speed up the research and development of the stone industry and production waste disintegration equipment, increase the proportion of waste reuse, and build the stone industry into a “green industry” for sustainable development.

In addition, some industry insiders report that to scientifically and standardly develop stone mines, it is necessary for enterprises to invest relatively high in the early stage. The mining licenses obtained by most small-scale mining enterprises in China are only valid for 3 to 5 years. The average contracting period of mine development is short, which causes enterprises to be reluctant to make excessive initial investment, but to desperately exploit development. Therefore, the government can appropriately extend the validity period of the mining license on the premise of guiding the advantageous enterprises to enter and do a good job in development planning.

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