The working principle of the pressure reducing valve is to reduce the water pressure by the local resistance of the flow passage in the valve to the water flow. The range of the water pressure drop is automatically adjusted by the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the membrane or the piston connected to the valve flap. In recent years, some new types of pressure reducing valves have emerged, such as fixed ratio pressure reducing valves. The principle of constant pressure reduction is to use the water pressure ratio control of the floating piston in the valve body, and the pressure reduction ratio at the inlet and outlet ends is inversely proportional to the ratio of the piston area on the inlet and outlet sides. The pressure reducing valve works smoothly without vibration; there is no spring in the valve body, so there is no spring corrosion and metal fatigue failure; the sealing performance is good and does not leak, so the pressure is reduced (when the water flows) and the static pressure is reduced (the flow rate is 0 o'clock); especially during decompression without affecting water flow.
Although the water flow through the pressure reducing valve has a large head loss, it is still energy-saving in general due to the reduction of water waste and reasonable distribution of system flow and improvement of system layout and working conditions. Each spring of the pressure reducing valve is only applicable within a certain range of outlet pressure, and the spring should be replaced beyond the range. In the case of high working temperature of the medium, a pilot piston type pressure reducing valve or a pilot bellows type pressure reducing valve is generally used. When the medium is air or water (liquid), it is generally preferred to use a direct acting membrane pressure reducing valve or a pilot diaphragm type pressure reducing valve. When the medium is steam, a pilot piston type pressure reducing valve or a pilot bellows type pressure reducing valve should be used. For ease of operation, adjustment and maintenance, the pressure relief valve should normally be installed on a horizontal pipe.
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