In order to avoid the loss of rapeseed from field crops due to low temperature freezing, the following cold and antifreeze measures are proposed.
1. Cultivate the soil. It can loosen the soil and thicken the root soil, which not only improves the soil temperature, but also enhances the absorption capacity of the root system, which has a certain effect on improving the cold resistance of rapeseed.
2. Increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. It can effectively enhance the cold resistance of rapeseed. For the rapeseed, which is now in the bud stage, combine the cultivating and cultivating soil. According to the seedlings, the amount of fertilizer should be applied. The first type of seedlings should not be applied with nitrogen fertilizer, and the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied. 25kg, potassium fertilizer 5kg; second and third types of seedlings apply less nitrogen fertilizer, re-application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, generally 5-10kg of urea, 25-30kg of calcium, 5-8kg of potassium fertilizer. For rapeseed which is now in flowering period, rooting and topdressing measures can be taken to enhance the cold resistance of rapeseed. Spray 1-2% concentration of calcium clarification solution or 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2-3 times.
3, fumigation antifreeze. In the low temperature night, weeds, wood chips, chaff, straw, etc. are used for fumigation and frost protection on the rape field, so that the ground is covered with a layer of smoke to form a microclimate of farmland to prevent the occurrence of frost damage.
4, irrigation and antifreeze. Irrigation can make the root system and the soil tightly combined, which is beneficial to the absorption of water and nutrients by rapeseed, and can also increase the soil salt capacity, alleviate the temperature difference and alleviate the degree of frost damage. The irrigation should be spurted at a speed to keep the soil moist.
5, covering the cold. Covering the straw with straw, chaff or crop straw, it can increase soil temperature. When the cold wave is coming, the temperature drops to 0 °C, and other measures are too late, and a layer of grass ash, clam shells, etc. can be prevented in the rape leaves and fields to prevent the leaves from being frozen.
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