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The NIMS Nano Materials Science and Technology Environmental Agency (GREEN) held the 9th Nano-materials Science and Environmental Base Symposium in Tokyo on January 7, 2015, and announced at the The concerned perovskite solar cell has established a related research and development system.
Hirano Miyano, head of the company's deputy director and perovskite-type solar cell special base group, introduced the principle of the establishment of this group: “After the publication of the high-efficiency research results of perovskite solar cells in 2009, especially in the last two years, The research and development teams of various countries in the world have successively published research results for achieving higher efficiency and have created a whirlwind of research and development. Under this background, on October 14, 2014, we established the calcium titanium in GREEN, which was established in October 2009. Mine-type solar cell special base group."
GREEN is established for the use of nanotechnology R&D environmental technologies, and has always considered solar cells as an important technology for green innovation. It has conducted research on photoelectric conversion principles, high-efficiency photoelectric conversion, and exploration of new materials. Miyano said: "The metal halide perovskite solar cells have shown a certain degree of high power generation efficiency despite their simple manufacturing methods. The relevant research results have been published and the efficiency has continued to advance." Compared to crystalline and amorphous Si (silicon) and solar cells such as CICS (compounds), perovskite solar cells are still in the research and development stage, and therefore have established relevant research and development bases.
At present, special research groups are exploring ways to manufacture solar cells such as methylaminium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3, Figure 1), a representative of metallohalide perovskite type solar cells. The head of the team, Shirai Kanei, said: “We are considering the chemical aspects of ionized crystals and using the usual solid-state research methods and measurement methods for high efficiency of solar cells using perovskite metal perovskites. The high-performance mechanisms have been studied."
The metal halide perovskite type solar cell is manufactured using a solution process at a low temperature of 140° C. or less. The current structure of such a solar cell adopts a structure in which a calcium layer, a PCBM (fullerene derivative) layer, a methylamino iodide lead layer, PEDOTPSS (high molecular polymer), and ITO (indium tin) are stacked on a silver layer. Oxide) glass, which is injected into the sunlight from the ITO glass layer. "By optimizing the film formation conditions such as the solution process, the photoelectric conversion efficiency has now reached 10 to 12%, and good reproducibility has been achieved" (Hakurai).
When the current and voltage of the halogenated metal perovskite type solar battery produced by the research group were measured, there was once a problem that the current and voltage characteristics were different depending on the scanning direction and speed, but now the problem has been solved. Shiroi stated that "the basic technology for measuring the current and voltage characteristics of solar cells has been established." In addition, it has been confirmed that even if light is continuously irradiated, the current and voltage characteristics of the solar cell do not change depending on the scanning method and speed. Shiraishi emphasized that this “can verify the characteristics of various metal halide perovskite solar cells†and related research systems have also been established.
In addition, Miyano introduced a prototype metal halide perovskite type solar cell, and said that it is using a simple model of the “inorganic semiconductor model†with a standard pin junction to perform an approximation and extract various parameters. "(Special Contributor: Maruyama Masaaki)
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